Somayeh Ashrafi
1,2,3 
, Neda Zahmatkesh
4, Melika Khanzadeh Tehrani
5, Nastaran Hadizadeh
6,7, Sara Rahimzadeh
1,2, Mehdi Mahdavi
1,2,8, Mohammad Abdollahi
6,7* , Mohammad Hossein Yazdi
1,2,9* 1 Immunotherapy Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences & Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Genetics, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
5 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6 Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
7 Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
8 Advanced Therapy Medical Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Email Mohammad@TUMS.Ac.Ir, Mh-Yazdi@tums.ac.ir
Abstract
There is an increasing body of evidence which proves that excessive production of toxic reactive species, primarily reactive oxygen species (ROS), damages many biomolecules, cell structures, and functions. They participate in various human pathological processes, particularly aging, neurodegenerative disorders, uncontrolled inflammation, and cancer. Inflammation is a biological response of the host’s immune system, accompanied by the involvement of various immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. Therefore, in this review, we discussed the relationship between inflammation and oxidative stress and their relationship with cancer. We also discussed the role of the immune system in inflammation, oxidative stress, and cancer. Undoubtedly, further studies about ROS and inflammatory interactions in the stimulation of immune responses can open up new horizons for researchers to design an innovative immunotherapeutic strategy for chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer-related inflammation (CRI).